Technical References

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Tutorials

• Fred Sigworth (Yale University) has graciously contributed several lecture notes discussing aspects of electrophysiology from microelectrodes to data analysis.
  Download all 8 sessions in PDF format.

  Microelectrodes (28k)

  Amplifiers and Feedback (28k)

  Two-microelectrode Voltage Clamp (48k)

  Thermal Noise in the Patch Clamp (34k)

  Patch and Whole-cell Recording (32k)

  Single-channel Analysis (28k)

  Matrix Formulation of Kinetic Schemes (38k)

  Maximum Likihood Fitting (90k)



• How to assemble a planar lipid bilayer workstation (1156k)
  Many investigators have requested reference material on how to set up a planar lipid bilayer workstation. Here we provide an excerpt from our BC-525D Bilayer Clamp Amplifier User's Manual wherein we describe the components required and discuss several issues related towards their use. You will also find a short list of references at the end of the document.




• BLM Workstation components (3690k)
  This document is Warner's current Bilayer Workststion borchure and is a companion to the 'How to assemble a planar lipid bilayer workstation' document listed above. All the components necessary to set up a Workstation are detailed.




• Recording Chamber Perfusion Strategies (33k)
  This is a document by Trese Lienders-Zufall describing several strategies for perfusing Warner recording chambers. (circa 1989)

Methods

• Cleaning Warner Chambers (41k)
  Several investigators have requested information on how to clean Warner Imaging Chambers, as well as our Bilayer Cups and Chambers. We have developed a quick and easy method to safely clean all plastics.




• How to make Agar bridges (12k)
  Want to know how to make Agar bridges for use with Warner products? We suggest an easy procedure for making bridges that will remain stable for several uses.




• Chloriding silver wire for electrodes (9k)
  Silver wire must be chlorided prior to use as an electrode. We discuss two techniques.